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Designing an elevator and calculating and choosing an elevator for your project requires knowledge and consultation with industry experts. Below, 768 Technical Company Limited will provide knowledge about elevator design that architects and investors need to understand to come up with the most appropriate elevator selection plan.

I. Factors that determine an elevator design

Whether you choose famous elevator brands from Germany, Japan, Sweden, America, Italy... Or domestic elevator brands. The most important thing is to design a home elevator, calculate and choose a model to ensure appropriate technical requirements and harmony with the building structure.

1. Consider the purpose of using the elevator.

First determine the purpose of use: For Offices, Restaurants, Villas, Apartments, Hotels, Shopping Centers, Hospitals, Train Stations, Factories... Understand clearly the purpose and function The service will help make choosing the type and size of the elevator easier, more reasonable and economical.

2. Based on the purpose to choose

The main role of elevators is passenger elevators, freight elevators, hospital elevators, car elevators... Therefore, from the beginning, the purpose and service role of the ladder must be clearly defined

3. Based on height to choose

Low-rise buildings: From 1 to 9 floors

Average construction: From 9 to 30 floors

High-rise buildings: 30 floors or more

For high-rise buildings with narrow floor areas, many elevators cannot be arranged. The location of the elevator is the place that connects the common paths of the floors in the building.

4. Based on traffic flow analysis

To find the number of elevators needed. We need to calculate speed and load properly. The larger the project, the more carefully we need to analyze this issue.

II. How to calculate to have the perfect elevator design

• Based on the total number of residents in a building.
• Based on the usage function, calculate the number of users.

1. For buildings used as offices:

Depending on the class of the office building (class A, B, C...). Normally, one person uses 9 to 12 square meters.  The space used for Office purposes on a floor is from 70% to 80% of the floor area

Indicates the approximate number of people the elevator system can transport in five minutes. Usually this indicator is used in the relative unit %, which is the percentage of residents that the elevator can serve in 5 minutes at peak hours.

In terms of traffic demand, divided from low to highest peak

a.Number of stops: is the number of floors to be served (number of elevator doors)

b.Starting floor: Basement 1, Basement 2.....

c. Elevator journey: calculated according to the height from the lowest floor to the highest floor to be served

d.Transportation capacity      

Normal service level: 11 to 12 %

Good service level: 12 to 15 %

High level of service: 15 to 17 %

e.Average departure distance

Is the average time between elevator departures from the main floor, and is the ratio between the travel time of 1 round and the number of elevators.

Normal service level: 32 to 40 s

Service level is good: 25 to 32 s

High level of service: 20 to 25 s

f. Travel time at nominal speed: Is the ratio between travel height and nominal speed of the elevator. This parameter determines the minimum time to travel from the lowest floor to the highest floor at nominal speed (not including starting, stopping floors, pick-up and drop-off times).

Normal service level: 25 to 32 s

Service level is quite good: 20 to 25 s

High level of service: 12 to 20 s

2. For buildings used as apartments and hotels
 For apartments, count 2 people per bedroom in an apartment.

 For hotels, calculate the number of rooms with single bed for 1 person, double bed for 2 people. For every 2 passenger elevators in a hotel, there must be 1 additional dedicated elevator to serve.

a. Number of stops: is the number of floors to be served (number of elevator doors)

b. Starting floor: Basement 1, Basement 2.....

c. Elevator journey: calculated according to the height from the lowest floor to the highest floor to be served

d. Transport capacity      

Normal service level: 5 %

Good service level: 7.5 %

High level of service: 10 %

e. Average departure distance

Is the average time between elevator departures from the main floor, and is the ratio between the travel time of 1 round and the number of elevators.

Normal service level: 70-80 s

Service level is quite good: 50-70 s

High level of service: 40-50 s

f. Travel time at nominal speed: Is the ratio between travel height and nominal speed of the elevator. This parameter determines the minimum time to travel from the lowest floor to the highest floor at nominal speed (not including starting, stopping floors, pick-up and drop-off times).

Normal service level: 37-40 s

Service level is quite good: 32-37 s

High level of service: 25-32 s

3. For households newly built or renovated to install elevators
a.  Installing an elevator for a new house: Choose the cabin size, desired speed, suitable for the house area, the elevator side will advise on functions and dimensions combined with the architecture side to come up with a solution. Specifically, the most standard home elevator size

b. For renovators: Choose a location to create, choose the type of renovation material such as pouring concrete columns or making a steel frame? How to decorate?

Normally, when designing elevators for families, the elevator speed is usually <=1.5m/s, 450kg, 630kg elevators for new buildings from 6 to 10 floors are effective. For houses with 3 to 6 floors, choosing a 350kg elevator with a speed of 0.5m/s to 1m/s is appropriate and guaranteed. 

To build a good family elevator configuration, you need to choose a professional and dedicated elevator unit. They are the design consultants and provide optimal solutions to help you save maximum costs.

III. The last thing is the elevator design drawing

• Construction Elevator design drawing and elevator pit construction is a very important step, it directly affects the choice of what type of elevator, how to install them and how the elevator will operate. Each elevator pit size (clearance size) will be able to install a ladder with a certain load. Therefore, calculating the exact transport flow helps you choose the elevator load and build the elevator pit.
• Ladder pits can be built in many ways:
• Construction with reinforced concrete: Usually only applied to large, high-rise buildings (10 floors or more)
• Concrete columns, poured beams, reinforced concrete middle beams: Applicable to projects with low or medium number of service floors
• Steel pit frame pit: The entire pit structure will be constructed with shaped steel (I, V, U). + Advantages: Fast construction, can save maximum area of ​​the elevator pit
• Disadvantages: High material cost.
• Elevator design drawings, construction specifications: (refer to the article: elevator design drawings, elevator pit construction)